Drunken Mother :: essays research papers

A Drunken Mother, wow where do I start. This book truly gets one to considering what it was and, now and again resembles to be a lady. This book was one of which I could never at any point think to peruse noble motivation of the title. The title to me proposes that it is a book by a lady for a lady and is written in a manner for moms to comprehend. Yet, in certainty it’s the contrary it written in a manner for all to see the preliminaries her life. Nancy begins by discovering that at that point man in the house is supervisor at an early age. Her mom assumes a job of big time disregard and invests the vast majority of her energy out doing different things, for example, drinking. At an early age she discovered that the man of the house was the chief and what he said goes. It was as of now that she started to fall into the â€Å"female role† of doing things the manner in which they were assume to be finished. She additionally understood that Doctor John was not going to se e things her way and that what he needed was to be. This youthful female does all that she can to be effective with skating and what does Doc John do he attempts to remove it. The increasingly more I read the more I needed to peruse on the grounds that it is a genuine story and it was an anecdote about the past, not to state that it doesn't occur now. In any case, I’m into history and investigation of relationship, how they start, finish, develop, and wilt. However, returning to the story I thought that it was exceptionally fascinating that Nancy makes a decent attempt to make things work that she surrenders her objectives and motivations in life just to leave one man with issues only for an opportunity to be in an ideal situation and herself. As I was adding something extra to the story I imaged each sentence of each page into a film and was doing in my own little world in my room attempting to shut out the consistent murmur of my PC, ticking of my divider clock and from time to time my suitemate keeping an eye on me to check whether I was complete the process of perusing. For what reason was my suitemate keeping an eye on me since he needed me to go along with him and another companion in drinking while we viewed the Boston Celtics play.

M&Ms Project Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

M&Ms Project Report - Assignment Example The outcomes were that 51 packs were examined( 17 understudies * 3 sacks each=51) and the quantity of confections assessed was 2872 which were of various hues. 2. Discovering the Standard Deviation and Mean The following stage was to recognize the normal number of confections/pack. The measurable normal of an example is called mean . For our situation it is 2872/51 which is equivalent to 56.3 confections/sack. This gives a thought whether the quantity of confections that was fixed to be in a pack before advertising was pretty much than a predecided sum. This is a significant part of value check. Aside from mean the Standard Deviation which is the positive square foundation of mean of squared deviations of all scores from their mean was determined. The SD along these lines show the spread or spread or deviations of scores around a focal value(mean). It is communicated by s= square root(summation of deviations/test size). For our situation it is + 1.9234 confections which implies in ce rtain sacks the likelihood of pretty much confections than the mean(56.3) is 1.9 that is it is possible that it tends to be 58.2 or 54.4. 3. Certainty Interval and Its Importance The certainty interim of a parameter is the scope of scores inside which the parameter has a given likelihood of lying.This is called fiducial probability.The two scores framing the lower and maximum cutoff points are called certainty limits. The fiducial likelihood is known as the certainty level and when communicated as a rate gives the level of trust in anticipating that a parameter should lie the given certainty interim. It is accordingly an interim gauge of a parameter and is more trustworthy than a point gauge( like the mean). In our investigation for instance on the off chance that we need to assess the CI we can gather that the extent of blue confections in lying somewhere in the range of 0.2087 and 0.2391 is 95%. It tends to be determined as keeps: Upper Limit= Mean + Standard Score (z) at the degr ee of alpha * Standard Error of mean Lower Limit= Mean - Standard Score (z) at the degree of alpha * Standard Error of mean. In this manner 1-alpha=0.95 or 95% fiducial likelihood. This implies higher the fiducial likelihood more extensive the certainty interim and more noteworthy the likelihood of populace mean falling in that interim yet the lower will be the exactness of gauge for genuine estimation of populace mean. For our situation concentrate from the certainty interims of different confections it appears that the blunder of 0.11(upper breaking point Mean or Mean-Lower Limit) is negligible with the yellow confections so the extent of yellow confections can be genuinely assessed the most on the off chance that we think about the entire populace of confections/sack in the M& M businesses. The quantity of confections with a certainty limit has a blunder of +0.5 4. Section 4-Testing of Hypothesis and Z test. In this bit we attempt to see if the extents of confections which ar e assessed are valid and there exists no at all any factual distinction of essentialness of different confections in various packs. The minor distinction what is seen is conjectured to occurred by chance because of inspecting and there is no noteworthy contrast (invalid speculation held). In any case, if the thing that matters is factually critical it implies unquestionably that the proportio

Using Persuasive Essay Samples About Bullying

Using Persuasive Essay Samples About BullyingIn this article you are going to learn how to write a persuasive essay sample about bullying. This is very important, and this is the perfect place to start learning how to use persuasive essay writing techniques that can help you stop bullying from happening in your life.You see, when it comes to bullying it isn't just a small issue but an issue that everyone should be aware of. And the best way to stop bullying is to have these sorts of techniques that can help stop people from hurting others. You need to learn how to use persuasive essay samples so that you can make an impact in the mind of the person who is bullying you.So what is a persuasive essay sample about bullying? Well, it's a short essay about bullying that the author wrote, and it's designed to help convince the reader to never allow bullies to damage their minds.One thing that these persuasive essay samples have in common is that they demonstrate exactly what the author want s the reader to think about bullying. And by making the reader think about it, this is a powerful way to get them to do something about it.There are various types of examples that are used to demonstrate how something affects a person's mind. One of the most famous examples is the lightning example from Einstein's Theory of Relativity. This is exactly what happens to people when they are being bullied.The writer takes a great deal of detail when writing this essay, because he or she wants to show the reader the things that are happening inside the writer's mind as he or she writes this paper. It's important to be able to read this piece of writing and understand exactly what is happening in the writer's head. By doing this, the author will be able to give the reader a feeling that it is the exact same feelings that he or shehas going through that paper.Now obviously the best way to stop bullying is to not allow it to happen to begin with, but that doesn't mean that the best way to s top bullying is to write a persuasive essay about it. You need to find the root cause of the problem, and then you have to figure out how to change things. And the best way to change things is to convince the readers that what you're doing will work.That's why writing persuasive essay samples about bullying is such a powerful way to stop bullying from happening in your life. By using the techniques that are demonstrated in this essay, you will be able to persuade the reader to stop bullying, and therefore stop the attacks from happening.

The Trial and the Surpise Twist - 1332 Words

The courtroom, filled with smoke and mirrors, undulates as I rustle my papers. I cough slightly, nudging against the woman next to me, noticing as she brought her white lace handkerchief to her mouth and nose, no doubt wanting to avoid whatever disease or foul humors I appear to have. Murder trials always brought the most unusual crowd of men and women, and a murder such as this, with so much controversy created a stiflingly large crowd. The sick stench of people filled the thickening air as we wait for James McDermott and Grace Marks to be brought into the room. I scrape the sweat from my brow, and clutch my fountain pen reassuring myself that it is full. The judge bangs his gavel to call for quiet. We all snap to attention, and the prisoner’s door opens. James McDermott is slovenly, slouching, and sullen as he sits down on the convict bench. Grace Marks enters the room, and ensnares the attention of all. Slim, attractive and slowly making her way across the courtroom, s he takes on the rabid curiosity of the crowd blankly. She is wearing a well-made dress and could be almost stately. If she had not been accused for murder she could be mistaken for a well off wife of a merchant. The judge demands attention. I am poised to write. â€Å"James McDermott, how do you plead to the double murder of Thomas Kinnear Esq. and his housekeeper, Nancy Montgomery on July 28, 1843?† the Judge’s nasal voice creaks over the courtroom. McDermott considers the Judge. He sways slightly,

The Environmental Threat Of Aviation - 1201 Words

As the international community becomes intertwined, the aviation industry has to be at the forefront to be ready for this occurrence. Aviation is engrained into the everyday lives of citizens in developed nation; and developing nations are also being exposed to aviation when it expands globally. With the foreseen growth in this field, there is going to be unavoidable problems, which allow the opportunity to address the problems. The biggest possible environmental threat to aviation is a lack of knowledge. In today’s media, global warming and other environmental topics that are played with politicians. The United States’ Congress can’t even come to a definite conclusion that global warming exists. This could be due to some’s desire for dependence upon fossil fuels. Nonetheless, it takes away from the credibility of the severity of the implications of global warming. Also, the aviation community doesn’t fully understand of effects of the results of flying. For example, CO2 emissions are a well-known resultant of flying but that is far as the scope goes. However, other emissions created from flying are widely known. â€Å"Some researchers predict that these gases have a far greater effect than CO2 when emitted in the higher levels of the atmosphere. A UK government report recommends applying a multiplier of 1.9 to the effect of CO2 emissions to estimate the effects of non-C O2 greenhouse gases† (Civil Aviation Industry). In other words, the more critical emissions aren’t the topShow MoreRelatedSwot and Pestel of Emirates Airlines1370 Words   |  6 Pagesdivision. SWOT Analysis This part of the assignment will analyse the strategic position of Emirates Airline through the use of SWOT analysis. Based on the given case, the strategic position of the Emirates Airline specifically their airline and aviation position has been challenged because of the changing situations of the airline market. 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The Effects Of Smoking On A Person s Health - 803 Words

Smoking causes an overall decline in a person’s health. It has been linked to increasing the risk of most types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.1 It is the leading cause of lung cancer, which is the number one cause of death today in the United States.1 It can cause respiratory problems such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis, and emphysema.1 Smoking is not recommended during pregnancy and can cause problems with a developing fetus.1 It can cause problems with a person’s oral hygiene including, gum and tooth decay, tooth loss, and mouth cancer.1 Smoking causes inflammation and can damage the immune system.1 Second hand smoke inhaled by non-smokers can also lead to the aforementioned problems. In the state of Illinois, people are no longer allowed to smoke in many places due to the harmful effects it has on people’s health. There is a push for smoking cessation in order to improve the health of all parties involved. There are multip le products approved by the Federal Drug Administration to aid in the cessation of smoking.2 These products include over-the-counter nicotine patches, gum, and lozenges.2 In addition to the over- the-counter methods, there are prescription drugs available, such as, Chantix and bupropion.2 There are also some drugs that have not been approved by the FDA for smoking cessation, like nortriptyline, but are used off-label. Topiramate is a medication that has been approved by the FDA for use in seizures, as anShow MoreRelatedWould Anyone Engage In Smoking Cigarettes If Each Cigarette1326 Words   |  6 Pagesanyone engage in smoking cigarettes if each cigarette had an effect written on the side, such as lethal, or fatal? Advertisements pop up on the TV commercials, in newspapers, and magazines that illustrate the reality of what happens when engaging in smoking tobacco, but yet people still smoke cigarettes. 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Stress, personal issues, and high blood pressure are many reasons why people start this horrible habit. One cigarette leads to another which then can lead to major addiction. When someone smokes a cigarette they are not only hurting themselves, but others around them. Smoking causes people to be exposed to hazardous fumes and chemicals in many places. The habit of smokingRead MoreThe Effects of Tobacco Essay example911 Words   |  4 Pagesthat cigarette smoking is the major cause of death globally. According to Surgeon General Smoking represents the most extensibly documented cause of disease, ever investigated in the history of biomedical research. The relation between smoking and human disease cannot be directly tested. It is morally and ethically incorrect. Therefore, other research has been developed to establish a very high degree of scientific probability. 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Many of those chemicals are poisonous and at least 69

Concept of Service and the Relationship Management

Question: Discuss about the Concept of Service and the Relationship Management. Answer: Introduction This study has aimed to the concept of service and the relationship management. In this connection, the cold drink manufacturing company such as Coca cola has been taken. The flow chart is helpful to identify the back stage and the front stage operations performed by the mentioned company. In addition, this essay is beneficial to estimate the significance of the service provided by the soft drink manufacturing company. After that, the analysis of the managerial implications has been discussed. It is known that flow chart representation within a business is seemed to be beneficial as it measures the operations procedure in the manufacturing process. Flowchart Backstage In the words of Shani and Chalasani (2013), business process modelling approach can be discussed with the help of the step by step approach of flow chart. With the help of this, the learner can identify and understand the operations, which are performed by Coca cola in the manufacturing procedure. On the other hand, flow chart can evaluate the positive changes, which are assumed to be necessary to be changed in case of decision making procedure. In this study, the back stage as well as the front stage operation of manufacturing of Coca cola has been developed briefly in the following (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne 2013). Flow chart refers the graphical representation of the business, which can be developed with the help of the standards objects. In case of the back stage operation, the manufacturing process is depend upon the performance of administration, supervisor and the employee. They perform the operations based on the receiver of the order, raw materials, supervision by the management. In this connection, Hollensen (2015) mentioned that after receiving the orders, the administration first prepare a business strategy, which will be followed at the manufacturing process to achieve the goal of the business. After that, the management focused on the collection of the raw materials. In addition, the manager needs to recruit the efficient employees, who have enough knowledge about the manufacturing procedure. Moreover, the manager also requires to supervise the workers performance (Murdy and Pike 2012). On the other hand, the administration of Coca cola requires to develop an appropriate cost structure for the manufacturing approach. In this context, they also need to take important decision in order to make a business successful. Figure 1: Role of the back stage (Source: Created by author) Figure 2: Flow chart of the back stage operation (Source: Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne 2013) Therefore, the above flow chart is helpful to recognise the procedure of the backstage operation after collecting the raw data materials. In this respect, advertisement plays an important role. Front stage Figure 2: Flow chart for the front stage operation (Source: Peck et al. 2013) The above table depicted the front stage flow chart. In this connection, it can be observed that at first the consumers select the product, which is going to be purchased. After that, they identify the required amount, what they need. After that, it is necessary to examine whether the products are available or out of stock. According to Halinen (2012), after identifying the availability of the products, it is necessary to evaluate the total items sold by the consumers. Explanation of the significance In order to discuss the significance of flow chart operation, Gummesson and Gronroos (2012) mentioned that it could formulate or modify the existing business strategy as per the requirements. With the help of this, the administrators and the managers of a company can identify the inefficiencies of the manufacturing procedure and can rectify it in order to enhance the business performance. In addition, the benefits of the business opportunities can be recognised, which are beneficial for the business challenges. As per the statement of Gronroos and Gummerus (2014), flow chart is helpful to identify and understand the difference between the objectives of the business and the performance of the running business. In this respect, the critical evaluation can lead the business to perform optimally. On the other hand, flow chart is supposed to be ideal to train the new employees. Therefore, the newly recruited employees can understand the objective of the business. Instead of this, flow chart can effectively reduce the probable danger or loss of the workers of Coca cola. As a result, the loss of the business procedure can be knowledge. Murdy and Pike (2012) mentioned that flow chart could convert the experience of the team of Coca cola into the documented procedure. Flow chart is helpful to increase the control on the approach of the business in order to make the organisation successful. The administration can take better decisions based on the previous decisions of the operation. In addition, flow charts can enhance the operational efficiency. Gummesson (2014) opined that each of the managers of a business can achieve the probable outcome along with the available resources. On the other hand, the business simulation is able to identify the flow of the business process. As a result, the managers are beneficial for the further effectiveness as mentioned by Hollensen (2015). Analysis of the managerial implications The managerial implications can be determined briefly in the following: Development of the policies In the points of Shani and Chalasani (2013), Coca cola has been experiencing growth in case of the diversification. Therefore, the diversification policies can be developed. This will be helpful for the managers to understand the discrimination. The implementation of the diversification policies can be maintained the competitive advantage of the company over the competitors. Communicating the visionary statement Managerial implication is helpful to understand the workplace diversification. The managers and the leaders can select the purpose of communication as per the dedication in the working place in terms of the varieties of the strategies as stated by Peck et al. (2013). Empowered the workers The increment of the diversification policies in the working place can include the present challenges for the newly recruited employees. Coca cola can diversify the training to empower the workers. In this connection, Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne (2013) opined that training of the employees is significant at the time of combination with the diversity program. Estimate the diversity program Coca cola is able to estimate the efficiencies of the diversity program. Estimations can be measured the job satisfaction of the workers, worker turnover, satisfaction level of the work environment in the account of strategic planning approach. The organisations manager can include the measurement procedure in order to enhance the programs and the policies (Gronroos and Gummerus 2014). Presentation With refer to the PowerPoint presentation Conclusion This study has been aimed to the service and the relationship strategy of Coca cola. In this respect, this study has tried to establish the flow chart of the back stage performance and the front stage performance of coca cola. After the analysis, it can be observed that the back stage performance depend upon the performance of the administrations, management and the employees. They have different role, which are performed in a step by step approach. On the other hand, the front stage performance of the operation is based upon the consumers and the decisions for the manufacturing products. This study is also helpful to identify and enhance the performance of the company. As a result, the significance of the flow chart has been discussed. In addition, this study is tried to establish the managerial implication in this regard. References Brettel, M., Strese, S. and Flatten, T.C., 2012. Improving the performance of business models with relationship marketing effortsAn entrepreneurial perspective.European Management Journal,30(2), pp.85-98. Christopher, M., Payne, A. and Ballantyne, D., 2013.Relationship marketing. Taylor Francis. Gronroos, C. and Gummerus, J., 2014. The service revolution and its marketing implications: service logic vs service-dominant logic.Managing service quality,24(3), pp.206-229. Gummesson, E. and Gronroos, C., 2012. The emergence of the new service marketing: Nordic School perspectives.Journal of Service Management,23(4), pp.479-497. Gummesson, E., 2014. Productivity, quality and relationship marketing in service operations: A revisit in a new service paradigm.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(5), pp.656-662. Halinen, A., 2012.Relationship marketing in professional services: a study of agency-client dynamics in the advertising sector. Routledge. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Murdy, S. and Pike, S., 2012. Perceptions of visitor relationship marketing opportunities by destination marketers: An importance-performance analysis.Tourism Management,33(5), pp.1281-1285. Peck, H., Christopher, M., Clark, M. and Payne, A., 2013.Relationship marketing. Taylor Francis. Shani, D. and Chalasani, S., 2013. Exploiting niches using relationship marketing.Journal of Services Marketing.

Aaron Burr1 essays

Aaron Burr1 essays Aaron Burr Jr., the son of Ester Edwards Burr and Reverend Mr. Aaron Burr was born on February 6, 1756 in Newark, New Jersey. He was also the grandson of the famous theologian, Jonathan Edwards. His father earned his living as a pastor at The Newark Presbyterian Congregation and the president of The College of New Jersey, which later became the Ivy League school, Princeton University. Upon graduating from Princeton University at the age of 16, Burr Jr. became a lawyer, although his studies were limited to theology. Following this, he delivered an oration entitled Building Castles in the Air. These castles, it has been said, were lying in the West waiting for Burrs competence. After retiring from the Continental Army as a field officer, Burr practiced law. He was then appointed as the attorney general of New York in 1789 and served as a United States senator from 1791 to 1797. But this soon ended as he joined the Thomas Jefferson group led by James Monroe in the Senate and James Madison in the House of Representatives. He served under Thomas Jefferson as the third Vice President in United States history. As the Election of 1800 drew near, Burr took the allure to set up an impeccable ticket. It would place both him and Jefferson on the same Ballot so it would be a sure win. He would be the first politician that took advantage of party organization. Thus, as the votes were counted, it would be that the Republicans prevailed. During the election, Burr favored funds to end Indian raids. Burr fought hard to win the election and was sure he was going to win. In fact, it was a tie between him and his running mate, Thomas Jefferson. The electoral votes enumerated as 73 for both Burr and Jefferson. However, Jefferson went on to win the election by decision of the House of Representatives. Much to do with crushing Burrs dreams of serving in the highest office, was Alexander Hamilton. He introduced pe...

Federalists vs Antifederalists essays

Federalists vs Antifederalists essays To amend the Articles of Confederation, unanimous approval by all thirteen colonies was a necessity. Instead of reforming the preexisting document, it was decided that once approved by nine states, a newly written document would become the supreme law of the land. Framers of the constitution were voted on by the individual colonies to amend the existing law, the Articles of Confederation, but instead, created something entirely different altogether. They wrote the new document and gave it to the people, who were amazed and frightened at the new piece of legislation. Because of the introduction of such a radical change, conflict sprouted throughout the country over views of how government should be, and the rights that it should grant the people. People who were against a strong federal government were the antifederalists. They were in opposition of the federalists who supported the constitution and a strong central government. The antifederalists consisted mostly of the poorer classes, those who were poorly educated, backcountry dwellers, single-horse farmers, etc. Along with them were debtors who feared that a strong central government would force them to pay off their debts. Antifederalists suspected that the aristocrats were up to something sinister and trying to somehow trick them. Federalists were more respectable and cultured people. They mostly owned property and lived in settled areas, unlike the antifederalists. who lived in the backcountry. Many of them were former loyalists who had a conservative attitude. Antifederalists voiced strong objections about the constitution. It had been drawn up by the aristocrats, and therefore was believed to be undemocratic. They spoke out about the loss of sovereignty of the states, and how the freedoms of individuals were in jeopardy because of an absence of a bill of rights. They criticized that there would no longer be annual elections for congressional ...

Power Purchase Parity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Power Purchase Parity - Essay Example The conclusion is that this is highly assumptive and neglects other possibilities that control the relative price and exchange rates. Economists argue that the economic benefits of trade between nations in goods, services, and assets are similar to the benefits of trade within a nation. In both cases, trade in goods and services permits greater specialization and efficiency, whereas trade in assets allows financial investors to earn higher returns while providing funds for worthwhile capital projects. However, there is a primary difference between domestic versus international transactions; specifically, trade within a country normally involves a single currency, but trade between nations usually involves dealing in different currencies. There are also subtle and unavoidable concerns when establishing in purchase power parity that exchange rates are only controlled by relative pricing. This theory requires that stabilisation and equivocal trade are inherently continuous, and does not account for cost, policy and specialisation as substitution. Therefore, while purchase power parity holds in some cases, it can not be assumed (as it currently is) to hold in all cases. It will only hold under specific criterion, and not when there is fluctuations in real cost and trade. To understand the founding principles of purchase power parity, a first l... Exchange rates are the cost of one good compared to the price of another across national borders. The exchange rate simply converts the GDPs (Gross Domestic Products) into the same currency units. Even when valued in the same currency unit, the ratios of GDPs in different countries still have to be split into their volume and price components. This is often believed to be controlled by the theory of relative prices, that one product has an equal value to another product in different countries. The law of one price is the founding principle of this theory, explained by the purchase power parity concept. Purchasing power parities (PPP) are rates of currency conversion constructed to account for cross-country variation in prices. The calculation of PPPs is based on pricing a representative basket of goods and services across countries, and weighing this basket with the expenditure patterns prevailing in each of the countries. The PPP conversion rate allows for volume comparisons, i.e. comparisons involving the level of health expenditures in real terms. Exchange Rate The foreign exchange is the act of trading money between nation, where the money takes the same form of the originating country, and monetary assets traded in foreign exchange markets are demand deposits in banks. The exchange rate is specifically the price of one country's money in terms of another country's money, and this is very dependent on the time-value of money (Hallword and McDonald 2000). Foreign exchange quotations are shown as a bid/offer rate. The dollar lies at the heart of foreign exchange dealing, as most transactions involve moving in and out of the dollar. Sterling and currencies which were linked to sterling

GE's Two Decade Transformation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GE's Two Decade Transformation - Case Study Example 2. What is Welch’s purpose in the series of initiatives he launched in the late 1980s and early 1990s? What is he trying to achieve in the round of changes he put in motion in that period? Is there a logic or rationale supporting the change process? Welch’s main purpose in the series of initiatives he launched was to ensure that in the next decade, GE would be a number one or number two competitor in the industry (Bartlett 1). This would make GE a unique, highly spirited, and an entrepreneurial enterprise in addition to being profitable, diverse, and with quality leadership and products of their own kind in the world. In the round of changes he puts in motion in that period, he wanted to achieve a productive business with individuals who were focused in implementing change for the success in the business. Ideally, making such a change is logical considering the situation in which the business environment was in. Welch realized that the business had so many who never added value to the business and therefore, went for the restructuring process have a lean and efficient workforce. In order to grow profitably, it is essential that one reduce the expenses or production costs. It is by the same perspective that Welch uses to grow GE profitably despite the critics. He did this through downsizing, destaffing, and delayering to have a lean and effective employee base (Bartlett 3). Indeed the initiatives employed by Welch added substantive value to the business as the business was able to grow its operation profits from $1.6 billion to $2.4 billion and revenues from $27.1 billion to $29.2 billion within four years (1981-1985) (Bartlett 3). Considering Welch’s approach to leading change, I believe it is one of the most efficient approaches as he is able to reduce costs of production and increasing the revenue and profit

Development of the Ancient Roman Navy Essay Example for Free

Development of the Ancient Roman Navy Essay Naval warfare was considered a second thought to most ancient Romans. It never carried the same prestige as that of a legionary. Before the First Punic War the Roman navy consisted mainly of allied ships and a few Roman ships that had crews that were very inexperienced. When entering the First Punic War they realized they needed to develop a navy to match the superior Carthaginian fleet. The fleet that the Romans had before the war would never withstand any naval battles. In building their navy, the Romans were able to utilize their resources, their allies’ resources, as well as some ingenuity to help overcome their naval weaknesses and defeat the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. The Romans lost many fleets and sailors throughout the course of the war but their persistence and determination ultimately helped them prevail. In the beginning, Rome founded colonies to provide coastal defence as opposed a naval force to police the shores of the surrounding territories. They used the warships and crews from naval allies, freedmen, and marines from lowest class eligible for military service. Romans dominated the sea by gaining possession of the land. Given the limited range of ships, this was an effective strategy. Ships were only constructed as a last solution to a military problem. As soon as a victory was achieved, the ships were left to wither and the naval needs were met by relying on allies. It was Romes success on land that made such indifference about naval battles. However, if there was ever a need for naval battle, their small navy could never withstand such a task. There was very minimal naval conflict between Rome and its enemies leading up to the First Punic War. Once the Punic War began they knew the only shot they had to defeat Carthage was to create a navy that would rival that of the mighty Carthaginians. In order to rival Carthage’s navy, they would need a design for their ships, a way to build them and people to man them. The ships were built based on a sunken Carthaginian quinquereme off the west coast of Sicily. The Romans then set out to build one hundred quinqueremes and thirty smaller ships such as triremes (Sage 285). Quinqueremes were the heaviest ship of the time. They had three banks of oars and 180 oars. There were two people on the upper oar and one on the lower oar. The trireme had 170 oars, there were three banks of oars and there was one rower per oar (Mitchell). They were able to gather the necessary resources from Rome and get the ships built or borrow from naval allies. The crews were assembled from naval allies, freedmen and marines from the lowest class eligible for military service. The navy was never held in the same esteem as legionaries so they never got the same quality of recruits. This ability to utilize their resources was key in helping in creating the future of the Roman navy. The Romans lack of any skill on the sea should have cost them the naval battles of the First Punic War but that was not the case. The Romans invented a device to essentially create land battles on the sea. This device was called a corvus or the raven. Polybiuss description of the corvus and how it was used is as follows: â€Å" a round pole stood on the prow of the ship sixteen feet high and about one foot in diameter. It had a pulley on its top and around it was placed a boarding bridge made of crossed planks nailed together which was four feet wide and twenty four feet long. There was an oblong hole in the bridge, which was placed around the pole twelve feet from its end. There was a knee-high railing on each side of the boarding bridge and at its end was fastened an iron object shaped like a pestle pointed at one end with a ring at the other end so that the whole apparatus looked like a device for grinding grain† (Polybius) The corvus proved vital during the First Punic War, especially at the Battle of Mylae. It would be swung around and brought down hard on an enemy ship. Then the troops would charge over the plank two by two. The first two men protected the rest by raising their shields. The men behind would place their shields over the railing and protect from the sides. The Romans captured the first thirty two ships that attacked them. The rest of the Carthaginians then approached and saw the devastation that the corvus had done. They turn to try and attack the sides or stern of the Roman ships but the corvus was able to turn and attack from different angles. After seeing this, the Carthaginians fled in fear after what had happened and after losing fifty ships (Polybius). The Romans won a decisive victory through the use of the corvus and made their presence known on the Mediterranean. The Romans ingenuity through creating the corvus is very clear and helped through the early development of the Roman navy. Though the corvus has many positive features, some of its negative features were starting to come about as the Romans started to sail more and farther. The corvus was placed at the bow of the ship so it made the vessel unstable during rough weather. As a result, most of the casualties of the First Punic War were at the hands of Mother Nature as opposed to the Carthaginians. This, and the Romans inexperience at sea cost them heavily as they lost 284 ships in a storm off the outer coast of Sicily. They had lost a lot of ships and only had 80 remaining at the time (Tarn 53). However, Romes success came from its superior manpower resources which allowed it to man new fleets despite these sever losses. To prove the Romans determination, they built a fleet of 200 ships. This did not go without disaster either. Another storm cost the Romans 150 brand new ships in 253 BC off the Lucacnian coast and subsequently the Romans lost their only major naval defeat of the war in 249 BC when a surprise attack failed at Drepana. Thirty Roman ships were able to escape but 93were captured (Tarn 54). The Romans appeared to have given up on their naval efforts. It looked as though Carthage ruled the sea once again. No ships were being built and the Romans were sticking to the land the tactics that they knew best. However most of the Romans naval losses can be attributed to bad luck and inexperience on the sea. By 242 the Carthaginian General, Hamilcar Barca, had enjoyed success in Sicily and by now the Romans felt the war had dragged on for too long. They were determined to return to the sea and finish the Carthaginians once and for all. There was one problem though. The Roman treasury was empty and they had no money to spend on building another fleet. The government then turned to the wealthy citizens of Rome and begged for money to build a new fleet. The wealthy agreed in a sign of patriotism and they went ahead and successfully financed construction on a fleet to end the war (Rickard). This shows the Romans determination, persistence and ability to utilize the wealth of Rome. The Romans felt they didn’t need to repeat what had happened with the corvus again so they omitted it from their new ship designs. This resulted in the Roman ships being much lighter and much more manoeuvrable then the Carthaginian ships. The Romans met the Carthaginians in 241 BC where they cut them off at the Battle of the Aegates Islands. The Carthaginians ships had very inexperienced crews as they were newly enlisted men who had just signed up for this battle. They couldnt handle the heavy and unwieldy Carthaginian ships with their lack of skills and experience. Similar to the way the Romans were before the beginning of the First Punic War. The Carthaginians were commanded by Hanno and the Romans were commanded by Catulus. The fighting was predictably one sided as the Romans captured 70 ships and sunk 50 ships. Hanno was subsequently executed for his failure in this battle. After the Battle of the Aegates Islands, Hamilcar was allowed to negotiate terms of surrender. The terms included money to pay for the newly constructed fleet and no Punic war ships were allowed in Italian waters (Rickard). The Romans were victorious and the Punic War came to a close. Through fierce determination to rebuild the Roman Navy in 242 BC and their ability to adapt their ships to the new circumstances led to a Roman victory and a strong development of the Roman Navy. The development and redevelopment of the Roman navy during the First Punic War shows a number of qualities that were key to Roman domination in the next centuries. Their adaptability and ability to make a strategic assessment of the Carthage navy and how to overcome it was very important in leading to a victory in the First Punic War. Through their determination and persistence they were able to learn from their mistakes and overcome what had cost them their early losses. It was the Romans ability to utilize available resources to reconstruct their destroyed navy. They also came up with a creative solution to a problem of attacking ships to help benefit their strengths of hand to hand combat. This was a very strong development of the Roman navy and led to their stranglehold on the Mediterranean for the majority of the next centuries. In fact, during the Second Punic War, Hannibal abandoned his once powerful Carthage fleet to focus on conquering by land. The victories in the sea bred confidence in the Roman navy. They were able to bring the battle directly to the Carthaginians and take it out of Italy. With the final destruction of Carthage and the end of the Third Punic War, Rome was the master of the Mediterranean. This as a result reduced any threat of a naval power and the navy had reached its height (Gabriel). In conclusion, the First Punic War was the spark that set off the Romans to put a lot of time, resources and manpower into developing and redeveloping their navy to become the super power that it was.

Compressor Stall :: Essays Papers

Compressor Stall Gas turbine engine performance is limited by aerodynamic instabilities called rotating stall and surge. Currently there are several control strategies for enhancing the operability boundary of laboratory compressors by actively controlling rotating stall and surge. Models which capture the qualitative behavior of the aerodynamic instabilities have been found to exhibit abundant dynamic behavior and to be useful for designing control laws. Operability boundary is defined as the operating point where steady axisymmetric flow is unstable and untolerable amount of rotating stall and surge is present in the system. Operability enhancement is defined as the gap between the operability boundary for the controlled system and that for the uncontrolled system. Operability enhancement is one of the main goals for active control of rotating stall and surge. Actuator limits and system noise are found to limit the operability enhancement. We are interested in two problems: Analysis problem: given a controller with actuator limits and certain noise level, find the operability enhancement; Synthesis problem: given a set of controllers with actuator limits and certain noise level, find one that maximize the operability enhancement. It turns out that the synthesis problem is a minimax problem. We try to answer the analysis problem and the synthesis problem by nonlinear reduction using bifurcation theory and invariant manifold theory. For stall control with bleed valve actuators, we have derived analytic formulas that agree qualitatively with the experimental results on a low speed rig. We have solved the synthesis problem for the case when surge inception is close to stall inception by normal form reduction for a low order compressor model. We are also interested in extending the above control problems to general dynamical systems. We think center manifold reduction and normal form reduction are potential tools.Gas turbine engine performance is limited by aerodynamic instabilities called rotating stall and surge.

Managing Financial Resources in Health Essay

Introduction This is a report which is written based on the concept of financial management and the business resources in health care based company (Bryans, 2007). It is aimed to provide emphasis on the impression of costs and control that are available in the social health care settings. It is also required to provide deep examination of the system that are used in the health care industry to provide effective financial and resource management (Groppelli & Angelico, 2000). This ensures that the organization resources are managed effectively to provide adequate returns. 1.1 The principles of costing and business control systems There are a number of costing principles and business controls which require the company to examine its current costs with the budgeted costs. This ensures that there is good cost control since the company spends its financial resources in accordance with the budget (Mick and John, 2003). Costing methods which the company uses should be the ones which control the company expenditures. The company should use bidding system when purchasing its health care resources since this provides amore legal guideline of procurement procedures (Martin et al, 2010). During the procurement process there should be high level of transparency, integrity and due diligence so that the company manages its expenditures and costs efficiently. 1.2 Identify information needed to manage financial resources There are a number of financial and non financial information which are required in the management of financial resources of the company (Martin et al, 2010). The availability of this information is very important in costs allocation, decision making and cost control so that the resources of an organization can produce high investment returns. Transparent and Accurate Accounting Information It is important for an organization to have accurate and transparent accounting information which can increase the confidence of their users (Watson and Head, 2012). This provides them with an opportunity to make appropriate decision which can improve the welfare of the company (Martin et  al, 2010). Accurate information provides the management with a clear picture of the profitability, liquidity and efficiency of the company so that the information that the management have reflect a true state of affairs of the company. Risk Management Information The business organization must have deep understanding how it can manage both financial and business risks which are likely to affect its returns. This is necessary in health care business organization since it can cause fluctuation in returns which reduce the goodwill of the company. Short and long term forecast The health and social care company must have short and long term projections on the results which it plans to achieve. This is important in development of goals and strategies since these long and short term forecasts can only be met through establishment of good management strategies (Bryans, 2007). It is also important in the creation and formulation of budgets which reflects future performance of the company thereby allocating resources which is able to achieve the set objectives. Audit Report Information This is also important information which the company critically needs to manage its financial resources (Watson and Head, 2012). The Audit report information is important is providing an assurance whether the company has been properly managing its financial resource in the past or not (Martin et al, 2010). This can be used to improve the financial management styles which ensure that there is proper allocation of resources based on the audit report. It also influences external stakeholders to have confidence on the company so that they can provide credit or any financial assistance to the company. 1.3 Explain the regulatory requirements for managing financial resources Care Quality Commission This is a very important regulatory body in UK which forces all health care settings to provide quality, effective and compassionate health services and ensure that there is constant improvement in healthy care service delivery (Watson and Head, 2012). It monitors the operation of health and social care settings and regulates the quality of their services. Health care sector Regulatory monitor This is a very important regulatory body which monitors the functions of health and social care settings. This ensures that the health care providers are transparent on their duties and follow certain health care procedures when handling patients (Martin et al, 2010). This is important in establishing high level of transparency and accountability in the management of health and care financial resources. NHS Commission Board This a is a very important regulatory body which helps health care settings in developing financial plans, budgets and management of operating activities (Bryans, 2007). This ensures that the financial resources are used according to the financial plan so there is effective financial control as set out in the health care act. GAAP This is a regulatory body which requires the company to use accounting principles which are used in the preparation of accounting records (Jones and Atwal, 2009). These ensure that the financial statements are made in accordance with the law and they can easily be understood by all the users who are not financial experts. 1.4 Evaluate systems for managing financial resources in a health or care organization Financial management is the efficient use of the financial resources to meet the stated objectives of the company. Financial management system involves the use of different tools and procedures that authorizes the control, distribution and investment of scarce resources of the company to produce returns (Martin et al, 2010). Financial systems are very important in generating current financial position of the company. This is through the use accounting procedures and principles which are used in the preparation of accounting records. The current status of accounts shows changes which had been made foe every disbursement (Watson and Head, 2012). The accounting systems such as automated management system ensure that the company receives instantaneous feedback. This reduces the errors which could have been reflected in the financial statements by correcting accounts which fails to balance or in case of over distribution of resources (Jones and Atwal, 2009). The availability of financial resource management systems also is important in  producing accurate financial reports which reflects true states of affairs and therefore the users of the financial statements can rely on them for decision making. 2.1 What are the diverse sources of income available to CareTech PLC in the financial year in 2013? There are different sources of income for CareTech PLC which they can use to meet its operating costs. Sale of Drugs and other health care facilities The company generates revenues by selling health care facilities to different health acres settings and clinics (Martin et al, 2010). This makes it to raise income which is used to pay its staffs and purchase other important goods which are used in health care industry. Voluntary Organizations Some organizations such as charities can provide funds to the company in the form of donors to finance other health care projects (Bryans, 2007). These funds can be used as a source of income to pay operating expenses, buy health care equipments and other health care facilities. National and Local Government The local or national government can allocate funds to the company to enhance the provision of health services (Watson and Head, 2012). This financial resource can be used to finance different health projects and provide other basic health services. Private Health Insurance This is a source of income to the company by allowing the patients to get medical services which are paid by the insurance companies (Mick and John, 2003). This therefore acts as a very important source of incomes since the insurance company pays the services offered by the company. 2.2 Factors that influence Income of the Company Central Government allocation The allocation of more financial resource increases the income of the company. This makes it to produce quality services since it has high income. Political Sensitivity The sensitivity of politics in the region also affects the amount of money the company receives as income (Steven & Sheffrin, 2003). High sensitivity  of politics affects the operation of the business and therefore the company receives low income. Ability to negotiate regional allocation When the company has the ability to negotiate effectively for regional allocation of funds, it will receive high allocation which increases its income annually (Martin et al, 2010). The inability to negotiate properly for regional allocation of funds has an impact on income. 2.3 Review different types of budget expenditure in CareTech PLC There are very many different types of budget expenditures which are in health and care settings (Groppelli & Angelico, 2000). These include staffing costs, purchase of fixed assets, costs of consumables, loan repayment interest, long term building expenditure, marketing costs, training and health and safety costs. Operating Expenditure budget This is a very important type of budget expenditure which the company must use (Mick and John, 2003). It ensures that all the service providers of this company are remunerated and receive different rewards which motivate them. Capital Expenditure budget The company must incur costs to purchase fixed assets such as motor vehicle, health equipment and buildings (Steven & Sheffrin, 2003). These are very important in enhancing the quality of services which are provided by this company. This budget ensure that all capital assets are purchases and allocated to different departments to reduce cost and maximize returns. Marketing Expenditure Budget The company must prepare a budget on how it is planning to spend its financial resources during marketing (Bryans, 2007). This makes the company to use its resources efficiently during marketing since it can only spend money in relation to budget requirement. Health and Safety Expenditure Budget The expenses which the company expects to incur top provide health and safety services to employees are also budgeted for (Martin et al, 2010). This ensures that there is appropriate use of health and safety services without misappropriation of funds. 2.4 Evaluate how decisions about expenditure  could be made in CareTech PLC Fund Available The decision on the company expenditure can be made based on the available resources which determine what the company should purchase or not (Groppelli & Angelico, 2000). The availability of financial resources influence the ability of the company to acquire health care resources and therefore inadequate funds limits the expenditure of the company (Mick and John, 2003). The fund available is allocated according to priority in the budget so that most important expenditures are made to provide efficient health services to customers with little resources. Demand on Service The decision about expenditure is also depends on the demand of the service which the company provides. The services which are of high demand should use higher expenditures since there is need for high financial resource. This ensures that there is quality health service when there are enough health care facilities and equipments to enhance quality service demanded. Central Government Guidance The expenditure of this company is also influenced by the guidelines provided by the central government so that the company can meet the principles of regulatory bodies (Steven & Sheffrin, 2003). The expenditure for the purchase of capital assets or health and safety equipments should be that improves the quality of health service as required by Central Government guidelines. 3.1 Management of Financial Shortfalls The company should also ensure that there is proper management of the budget deficit or shortfalls. This is achieved by operating within the budget so that there is no over or under expenditure. The shortages can be supplemented by the providing additional allocation from the central or local Government (Bryans, 2007). This will makes the company to purchase all the capital and operating expenditures within the budget. The shortfalls can also be managed by sourcing for additional financing from local stable financial institution to finance other activities which had not been accounted for in the budget (Watson and Head, 2012). 3.2 What action you would take if you suspect occurrence of financial fraud in your  organization? There are a number of actions which the company can take when there is suspicion about fraud. Fraud detection and investigation The company has to determine the truth about the fraud by conducting an investigation and finding those involves in the fraudulent acts (Groppelli & Angelico, 2000). Before the investigation the possible financial loss which the company has experienced should be known and how it has been happening. Valid evidence should be determined before taking any legal action. The truth about the occurrence of fraud is detected by the nature of behavior of people in the company and the observation of discrepancies in the financial records of the company. If fraud has taken place internally The determination that the fraud has been committed by one of your employees, the management is required to seek for advice from professional advisors on the possible steps to follow to go on with the problem. The company can also do an overall investigation to ascertain the truth of the matter or take remedial action to fraudsters (Mick and John, 2003). The company can also take a legal action by reporting the case to the law enforcement agencies only if the fraud is material but immaterial fraud should result into suspension of those involves reducing legal cases which can also make the company to lose substantially. 3.3 Monitoring Fraud For the company to monitor how the company uses its financial resources, it should ensure that it conduct both internal and external audits to provides the company with an opportunity to prepare its books in accordance with the law (Bryans, 2007). Internal audit is done throughout the year and it assess if the company prepares its books in accordance with the law and there is possibility that the books can provide a true and fair view of the company states of affairs. These actions ensure that there is no fraud and any other malicious acts which the employees can commit to suspect the occurrence of frauds (Groppelli & Angelico, 2000). The company can also employ an external auditor to monitor the company expenditure and income (Steven & Sheffrin, 2003). This is able to reveal financial misuse and intentional mistakes which reduce financial performance of the company. 4.1 Sources of Information for Fraudulent Acts The company can use management accounts to determine the lapses where the financial proprieties have been taking place. It can also be ascertained through the assessment of actual and projected budgets which is compared with the actual result of the company (Groppelli & Angelico, 2000). When adverse variance is very high then the company can suspect that there is a financial fraud in the company (Department of Health, 2011). The result of internal or external audit can also provide adequate information which acts as evidence that there is a financial fraud which the management has committed. 4.2 Analyze the relationship between care service delivered and ‘costs and expenditure The relationship between care service delivered and costs and expenditure is very important in ensuring that the customers are charged fairly (Steven & Sheffrin, 2003). The costs and expenditure of the company should be incurred transparently by informing the stakeholders on how the company has spent its financial resources. The expenditure of health and care settings should be done in compliance with some legal frameworks which provide guidelines on how the company should spend its funds. The purchase of health care equipment is also done through bidding process where the best bidder is to supply the required materials for health care facilities (Bryans, 2007). This ensures that all the company purchases and expenditure are done in accordance with the law through following legal purchasing framework. The use of financial resources of the company should be used appropriately this is because those involves have financial obligation to account for any finance used in the company (Mick and John, 2003). This reduce the level of frauds which are likely to occur in the company since officers who are involves in the purchase is accountable for any financial loss. 4.3 Evaluate how financial considerations impact upon a service user Financial considerations have great effect on the health care service delivered to users. Effect on the mode of Service Quality The increase of financial resource in the company increases the quality of service delivered to users. This is because high financial consideration is able to pay for quality health care facilities which ensure that the users of health care settings receive quality service (Steven & Sheffrin, 2003). With low consideration, there will be a purchase of low quality health care  equipment and facilities which cannot avail quality service. Change in Staffing Levels When there is high financial consideration, the management of this company will be able to pay salaries of many employees who are able to provide efficient health service delivery (Mick and John, 2003). When the services are offered at a low consideration, the income of the company becomes low and therefore the number of staff members goes down (Day and Wigens, 2006). This also affects the service quality which the users expect to get from the company. Availability of Consumables Financial consideration for health care services also affects consumable (Bryans, 2007). When the service user is allowed to pay high financial consideration, there will be adequate consumable to users since there is enough money to purchase these to users (Day and Wigens, 2006). When there is low financial consideration the company will not have the capacity to buy consumables. Reduction of Services Low consideration renders the company to be bankrupts and therefore it has to reduce the number of services that it offers to the public (Steven & Sheffrin, 2003). Low consideration also makes the company to pay for additional staff to provide all the service which the company is required to provide. 4.4 Improvements of the Company Expenditure For the company to improve its expenditure capacity, it has to reassess its expenditure so that the company can minimize its expenditures and maximize it revenues (Bryans, 2007). Before spending the company funds, there should be an assessment of the value of money so that the purchase of any assets or payment of an operating expense matches with the value of the item of expenditure (Mick and John, 2003). It is also required to estimate unit cost of the item so that the total cost of the company expenditure is ascertained before the actual purchase. This ensures that there is no inflation of costs of the assets or any expenditure the company makes (Edwards, 2012). Conclusion For the company to make appropriate revenues, it must control the use of its finances so that the company can use minimum costs to finance its operation. Cost allocation is also important in efficient management of health care operations. High costs should be allocated to items of expenditures which are of priority so that the company goals can be achieved efficiently. Bibliography Bryans, W. 2007. Practical Budget Management in Health & Social Care, Radcliffe Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-84619-100-8 Day, J. and Wigens, L. 2006. Inter-professional working: An essential guide for health and social care professionals. London: Nelson Thornes. Department of Health. 2011. Safeguarding Adults: The role of health services. Publications Policy Edwards, A. 2012. Putting patients first. British Medical Journal, 344, pp. 233-240. Groppelli, H. & Angelico, A. 2000. Finance, 4th ed. Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. p. 433. Jones, M. and Atwal, A 2009. Preparing for Professional Practice in Health & Social Care. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Mick, B. and John, C. 2003. Managing Financial Resources .A Butterworth-Heinemann; 2003, 3rd edition ISBN: 0750657553. Martin M, et al. 2010. Managing in Health and Social Care 2ndEdition. Routledge, ISBN: 978-0-20385-693-2 Steven, M.& Sheffrin, B. 2003. Economics: Principles in action. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458: Pearson Prentice Hall. p. 502 Watson, D. and Head, A. 2012. Corporate Finance Principles and Practice. 6th edition, Harlow: Pearson ISBN: 9780273762874.

Why Palestinian Children s Rights Are Protected By...

Introduction This paper will investigate the extent to which Palestinian children’s rights are protected by international government. I chose this topic because I have been particularly interested in Palestine for the last few years, as the conflict was brought to my attention by a Palestinian friend of mine. I chose to write about Palestine for my historical investigation in order to learn more about the conflict. For my FIQWS class, I chose Literature/Film in Israel/Palestine so I could continue my studies in Palestinian history. There has also been a rise of turmoil between the 2 countries in the last few years, and I wanted to understand the reasons for the conflict, and how children’s rights are violated. During wartime, countless human rights violations occur, and sometimes people do not speak about it in fear of retribution from others. Yet this is an issue that has to be addressed, because it is still prevalent today. For my paper, I will focus on the violation of Palestinian children’s rights in both Gaza and the West Bank, focusing on different rights, such as: health, education and protection. The research method that I used for this paper was the observational method, where I examined different sources to learn more about the violations of these rights. I used JSTOR to locate online resources, and used articles from different magazines, including Health and Human Rights, Middle East Report and British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. In addition, I usedShow MoreRelatedThe War For Independence From Israel3240 Words   |  13 Pageswith all its support in Gaza and abroad, is severely lacking in weapons compared to the Israeli army, and has resorted to firing rockets across the border. Many have condemned these attacks, and Israel often retaliates, sometimes with extreme force. Why do they then continue? 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